Nephrology

Nephrology at Jaramogi Oginga Odinga Teaching and Referral Hospital (JOOTRH) focuses on the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and long-term management of kidney diseases and disorders affecting the renal system.

As a Level 6A referral facility, the hospital continues to strengthen specialized renal care services to meet the growing burden of kidney disease within the region, offering both outpatient and inpatient management for acute and chronic kidney conditions.

The renal unit operates 24 hours a day, ensuring uninterrupted dialysis and emergency renal care services for patients at any time. This round-the-clock operation supports the growing demand for specialized kidney care within the region while enabling timely management of both acute and chronic renal conditions. Specialized renal clinics are held every Friday at the JOOTRH Consultant’s Clinic and every Monday from 9:00 AM at the Prime Care Center (PCC).

The department provides comprehensive renal services including pre-dialysis counselling, renal counselling and clinical review, nutrition support, psychological counselling, temporary dialysis catheter insertion and removal, haemodialysis catheter site care and dressing, preparation and referral for arteriovenous fistula (AVF) cannulation, and preparation for renal transplantation. The unit also supports healthcare education, research, and training while maintaining high standards of infection prevention and control in patient management. Follow-up care is provided for patients with acute kidney injury (AKI), alongside renal replacement therapy for both acute and chronic kidney disease.

The renal unit currently manages a high patient load, conducting dozens of dialysis sessions daily for patients living with kidney failure. Demand for renal care continues to rise due to increasing cases of hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and other renal complications. To meet this need, JOOTRH has significantly expanded its dialysis infrastructure and specialized renal technology.

The department is equipped with advanced renal care equipment including cardiac monitors, glucometers, oxygen concentrators, emergency crash carts, sonographic machines, and a modern water treatment plant that ensures safe dialysis processes through ultra-pure water purification

A major milestone has been the acquisition of advanced Online Hemodiafiltration (HDF) machines, positioning JOOTRH among the leading facilities in Kenya offering this modern renal replacement technology. The hospital currently operates multiple dialysis machines, including newly installed HDF units, with plans for further expansion to increase treatment capacity and reduce waiting time for patients.

Online HDF technology improves upon conventional haemodialysis by enhancing the removal of both small and larger molecular toxins from the blood. This leads to improved blood purification, better cardiovascular stability, reduced inflammation, improved patient comfort, and enhanced overall quality of life for individuals undergoing dialysis. The technology also contributes to improved anemia management and more stable treatment sessions, particularly for long-term dialysis patients. Combined with ultra-pure water processing systems, the HDF machines significantly reduce bacterial and endotoxin exposure, improving patient safety and treatment outcomes.

The department also continues to strengthen preventive kidney care through public awareness initiatives, screening programs, and patient education focusing on lifestyle modification, early diagnosis, blood pressure control, diabetes management, hydration, and avoidance of harmful medications that may damage the kidneys. Early detection remains critical, as many kidney diseases progress silently before symptoms become severe.

JOOTRH is additionally making strategic progress toward introducing kidney transplant services, a move expected to transform renal care access within the region. The hospital is actively strengthening infrastructure, partnerships, specialist capacity, and professional exchange programs in preparation for transplantation services. Once operational, the transplant program will provide a more sustainable and life-changing treatment option for patients with end-stage kidney disease, reducing long-term dependence on dialysis and minimizing the need for referrals outside the region.

Through specialized renal clinics, advanced dialysis technology, multidisciplinary care, and planned kidney transplant services, the Nephrology Department at JOOTRH continues to enhance access to high-quality, affordable, and specialized kidney care for patients across the region.